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Founded in Silicon Valley at the dawn of the computer age, Western Digital is one of the world’s largest producers of hard disk drives used for data storage. The company’s portfolio of magnetic hard drives includes products designed for personal computing and for the data centers that power today’s cloud services. Western Digital spun out its flash memory business in February 2025, creating a separate publicly traded company under the SanDisk brand.

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Q2 2025

Western Digital (WDC): Company Profile, Stock Price, News, Rankings

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Western Digital

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Good afternoon and thank you for standing by. Welcome to Western Digital Second Quarter Fiscal 2025 Conference Call. As a reminder, this call is being recorded. Now, I will turn the call over to Mr. Peter Andrew, Vice President, Financial Planning and Analysis and Investor Relations.

Thank you, and good afternoon, everyone. Joining me today are David Geckler, Chief Executive Officer and Wissam Jobright, Chief Financial Officer. Before we begin, let me remind everyone that today's discussion contains forward looking statements based on management's current assumptions and expectations, and as such, does include risks and uncertainties. These forward looking statements include expectations for our product portfolio, our business plans and performance, the separation of our flash and HDD businesses, ongoing market trends and our future financial results. We assume no obligation to update these statements.

Please refer to our most recent financial report on Form 10 ks and our other filings with the SEC for more information on the risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations. We will also make references to non GAAP financial measures today. Reconciliations between the non GAAP and comparable GAAP financial measures are included in the press release and other materials that are being posted in the Investor Relations section of our website. With that, I will now turn the call over to David for introductory remarks.

Thanks, Peter. Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for joining the call to discuss our Q2 fiscal year 2025 performance. As many of you know, with the completion of our separation later in the fiscal Q3, I will become the CEO of SanDisk. As a result, this will be my last earnings call as the CEO of Western Digital. Before we dive into our second quarter results, I want to express my gratitude to our employees, customers, partners and shareholders for their unwavering support throughout my tenure.

It has been an honor and a privilege to serve as the CEO of Western Digital and I'm immensely proud of what we've accomplished together to position both of our franchises for long term success as standalone companies. Now onto the results. For the 2nd fiscal quarter, Western Digital delivered revenue of $4,300,000,000 non GAAP gross margin of 35.9 percent and non GAAP earnings per share of $1.77 Our commitment to enduring quality and reliability driven by our industry leading innovation and diversified portfolio has enabled us to navigate the current market's dynamics effectively. While our HDD business is experiencing robust growth, particularly in high capacity enterprise drives, our flash segment faces temporary headwinds due to pricing pressure. Despite these challenges, we are strategically well positioned to capitalize on growing long term storage demand from the AI data cycle.

Our HDD business continues to perform well propelled by our cutting edge ultra SMR technology. This innovation allows us to push the boundaries of storage capacity while maintaining the gold standard in reliability, quality and performance. The market has responded to our products enthusiastically, driving our HDD revenues to a 12 quarter high with a record non GAAP gross margin. We're seeing increasing adoption of our newer and higher density drives, underscoring their ability to meet the amount evolving demands of the storage market. I'm pleased to report that we're in the final stages of our plan to separate our flash and HDD HDD businesses and expect this to be completed on schedule.

During the 2nd fiscal quarter, we achieved 2 crucial milestones, completing our Form 10 filing and finalizing key financing activities necessary for the separation. Thanks to the meticulous planning and dedication of our teams, we're ready to operate as independent entities. We invite you to join us for our upcoming Investor Days on February 11 for SanDisk and February 12 for Western Digital, where our respective management teams will share their strategic visions and demonstrate how each business will drive shareholder value as standalone entities. We anticipate that within a few weeks after the Investor Days, Western Digital and Sandisk shares will begin trading as independent companies. Turning to our business units update.

In Flash, revenue was stable and in line with expectations. Strength in client and consumer resulted in better than expected bit shipments. However, increased pricing pressure due to short term oversupply from increased utilization rates throughout calendar year 2024 coupled with customers working down inventory offset our bit shipment results. Cloud pricing was a positive given continued AI driven demand. Taken together, the result was sequential decline in profitability.

In fiscal year 2024, consumer experienced growth across revenue, units and gross margins as the end market benefited from a market recovery. While revenue and units grew sequentially in the fiscal Q2 of 2025, gross margin declined due to pricing pressure caused by oversupply in the broader NAND market. Despite this recent softening, our external SSD drive shipments grew 50% sequentially. Our efforts in bolstering consumer preference, expanding partnerships and launching our new Creator series at CES all provide SanDisk with the right foundation to drive organic demand and margin expansion. Now turning to the flash outlook.

We believe that we are currently in a mid cycle pause. In the first in the fiscal Q3, we expect bit shipments to be down with stronger demand in data center and mobile more than offset by lower bit shipments in PC OEM and consumer. Given the stronger than anticipated pricing headwinds, we are proactively managing production levels to respond to ongoing inventory adjustments and evolving demand dynamics across our end markets. By optimizing utilization and total capacity with a key focus on delivering premium nodes, we aim to accelerate stabilizing profitability in this dynamic market. In this new era of NAND with lower utilization and less intense CapEx environment relative to historical periods, we are seeing supply growth appropriately responding to the current short term headwinds affecting demand and we expect to see a recovery as we move through calendar year 2025.

Specifically, we expect client inventory digestion to continue into the first half of calendar year twenty twenty five with normalization in the second half paving the way for recovery that will enable the AI driven PC ramp in the Windows refresh cycle to gain momentum. In data center, we project cloud CapEx to continue to grow in calendar year 2025 and we continue to make good progress qualifying our cloud products with customers to capture our fair share of this market. Lastly, our consumer business continues to perform well and while we expect seasonal weakness in bit shipments, our premium brands are providing ASP support to the overall portfolio. We look forward to discussing our views on the Flash business at the SanDisk Investor Day on February 11. The team and I will discuss why we believe that our markets are strong and growing, how rapid adoption of AI is creating new opportunities, what differentiates SanDisk and how the flash industry is evolving.

We are very excited and believe you will be as well. Our HDD business delivered another quarter of strong performance with data center revenue hitting an all time high. This achievement underscores the strength of our nearline storage solutions and how well positioned we are to benefit from ongoing market tailwinds. The HDD business also achieved record gross margins as customers continued to increase the adoption of our higher capacity drives and we shared in the TCO benefit provided by our innovative products. We are operating in an environment where demand for our product exceeds supply.

To proactively manage this, we continually work with our customers to get visibility into their future needs. In these tight conditions, we might see volatility in shipments from quarter to quarter, but over the longer term, we continue to progress toward a state of predictable business operations and sustainable profitable growth. Turning to the HDD outlook. In the fiscal Q3, we anticipate continued momentum in data center to drive strong demand across our Nearline portfolio. As I mentioned, our supply is now very tight, which is helping us get better visibility into long term customer demand and enabling better planning for product deliveries in the coming quarters.

Our customers increasingly appreciate the complexity of the HDD supply chain and the need for us to better anticipate future demand. As we continue to broaden adoption of our Ultra SMR portfolio at our largest customers and complete the qualification ramp of our newest drives, we anticipate profitability will continue to improve in the coming quarters. The HDD business' positive structural transformation continues to gain momentum. We remain focused on operational excellence, efficient cost structure and a strong commitment to maintaining a balanced supply demand dynamic. We are well positioned to continue delivering the most profitable and innovative product portfolio, while establishing long term industry leadership through our earnings potential.

During the upcoming WD Investor Day on February 12, Irving and his team will provide a detailed overview of HED's strategic roadmap. I want to take a moment to acknowledge the CFO transition announcement that we made 2 weeks ago. After nearly 3 years with us, Wissam will be moving on to another opportunity. Wissam has been an outstanding partner and leader at Western Digital, helping us successfully navigate the company through the ups and downs of our end markets and build a strong financial profile at both HDD and Flash. On behalf of the Board and everyone at Western Digital, I want to thank Wissam for his many contributions, including seeing us through the separation and wish him the best of luck in his next role.

Let me now turn the call over to Wissam, who will discuss our fiscal second quarter results.

Thank you, David, and good afternoon, everyone. In the fiscal second quarter, Western Digital delivered results generally within the guidance ranges we gave in October in the face of a challenging pricing environment in flash. Total revenue for the quarter was $4,300,000,000 up 5% sequentially and 41% year over year. Non GAAP earnings per share was $1.77 Looking at end markets, cloud represented 55 percent of total revenue at $2,300,000,000 up 6% sequentially and more than doubling year over year. On a sequential basis, the growth was due to an increase in nearline HDD shipments, while flash was down.

On a year over year basis, both HDD and flash revenue grew. Client represented 27% of total revenue at $1,200,000,000 down 3% sequentially and up 4% year over year. Compared to last quarter, flash revenue declined as bit shipment growth was offset by pricing pressure, while HDD revenue was flat. Year over year, an increase in flash revenue was primarily due to higher ASPs as bit shipments declined and was partially offset by lower HDD revenue. Consumer represented 18% of revenue at $800,000,000 up 14% sequentially and down 8% year over year.

Sequentially, both flash and HDD bit shipments grew and drove revenue growth while pricing was a headwind. Year over year, the decrease was due to lower shipments in flash and HDD and pricing in flash. Turning now to revenue by business unit. In the fiscal second quarter, flash revenue was $1,900,000,000 flat from last quarter and up 13% year over year. Sequentially, flash ASPs decreased 13% on a like for like basis and 10% on a blended basis.

Bit shipments were up 9% from the previous quarter and down 2% compared to last year. HDD revenue was $2,400,000,000 up 9% sequentially and 76% year over year. The strength of our Nearline portfolio delivered exabyte growth of 7% on a sequential basis and 93% versus a year ago. Average price per unit increased 5% sequentially to $172 Nearline bit shipments were at a record level of 154 exabytes. Moving to the rest of the income statement, please note my comments will be related to non GAAP results unless stated otherwise.

Gross margin for the fiscal Q2 was 35.9 percent which was below our guidance range. Sequentially, gross margin was down 2.6 percentage points and up 20.4 percentage points from a year ago. Flash gross margin was 32.5%, down 6.4 percentage points sequentially due to pricing pressure late in the quarter. Flash gross margin was up 24.6 percentage points from a year ago. In HDD, strong demand for nearline drives resulted in gross margin improvement of 0.5 percentage point on a sequential basis to 38.6 percent and 13.8 percentage points from a year ago.

Operating expenses were down sequentially at $674,000,000 including the synergy expenses of $17,000,000 Lower than expected operating expenses were due to the synergy costs being lower than expectations, while progress towards executing the Sandisk spin remains on track. In addition, variable compensation was lower than expectations aligned with business performance. Our results demonstrate continued focus on cost discipline, while making progress towards the completion of the business separation. Operating income was $864,000,000 down 2% sequentially driven by lower gross margin, partially offset by lower operating expenses. Operating margin was 20.2%, down approximately 140 basis points sequentially, but favorable compared to operating losses posted last year.

Income tax expense was $105,000,000 and the effective tax rate was 14%. Earnings per share was $1.77 Operating cash flow for the fiscal Q2 was $403,000,000 and free cash flow generation was 335,000,000 dollars Cash capital expenditures, which include the purchase of property, plant and equipment and activity related to flash joint ventures on the cash flow statement represented a cash outflow of $68,000,000 Fiscal second quarter inventory was largely flat at $3,400,000,000 with days of inventory declining by 9 days to 112 days. The decrease in HDD inventory was offset by an increase in flash inventory. Gross debt outstanding was $7,400,000,000 at the end of fiscal Q2. Cash and cash equivalents were $2,300,000,000 and total liquidity was $4,500,000,000 including undrawn revolver capacity.

During the fiscal Q2, we successfully arranged financing for the upcoming separation of our business, which is a key milestone in the progress towards the spin of Sandisk. I'll now turn to the fiscal Q3 non GAAP guidance for Western Digital on a combined basis. We anticipate overall revenue to be in the range of $3,750,000,000 to $3,950,000,000 Gross margin is expected to be between 31.5% and 33.5%. We expect operating expenses to increase slightly to a range of $700,000,000 to $720,000,000 including dis synergy costs of $25,000,000 to $40,000,000 as we finalize the separation of our businesses. Interest and other expenses are anticipated to be approximately $100,000,000 The tax rate is expected to be between 14% 16%.

We expect EPS of $0.90 to $1.20 based on approximately 358,000,000 shares outstanding. We are looking forward to both of our Western Digital and Sandisk Investor Days in just a couple of weeks to discuss each business in more specific detail. For now, I'll provide directional perspective on expectations from each business in the fiscal Q3. For Flash, we expect revenue to decline sequentially in the mid teens percentage and gross margin to decrease due to lower blended ASPs, higher cost per bit and underutilization charges of $20,000,000 to $30,000,000 as we manage our supply. Flash bits are expected to decline sequentially by mid single digit percentage.

We also expect underutilization charges to continue in the June quarter. For HDD, we expect revenue to decrease sequentially by mid to high single digit percentage on lower volume, while gross margin expected to improve by approximately 50 basis points as average price per unit continues to trend higher. We are focused on executing the final stages of the spin and navigating current market dynamics while continuing to deliver robust financial performance. I would like to close by saying that it has been a tremendous honor to partner with David and the fantastic team at Western Digital. I'm extremely proud of the team's accomplishments over the past 3 years.

There is no doubt in my mind that both the HDD and flash businesses are strong and resilient and both will continue to provide industry leading products to the marketplace while unlocking significant shareholder value for the respective shareholders. With that, I'll now turn the call back over to David.

Thanks, Wissam. Our results this quarter reflect our efforts to actively manage near term cyclicality across our end markets, knowing we have a solid foundation for future success that is underscored by our industry leading product roadmap. As we complete the separation, I'm extremely confident in our respective team's ability to drive shareholder value in both the HDD and Flash businesses. Both companies will continue to be driven by the structural long term tailwinds of the AI data cycle and our ability to consistently offer our customers the most compelling and innovative storage solutions. Before we move to the Q and A session, I'd like to highlight that we will also be joined today by Irving Tan, who will step into the role of CEO at Western Digital and Luis Pesoso, who will assume the position of CFO at SanDisk.

Thank you. And today's first question comes from C. J. Muse at Cantor Fitzgerald. Please go ahead.

Yes, good afternoon. Thank you for taking the question. I guess first question on the HDD side, you talked about a sequential decline for the March quarter. Curious, is that a function of simply lower client and consumer units? Or are you also seeing a pause in cloud?

And within that construct, can you speak a bit more about your prepared remarks related to expectations for volatility Q on Q in HDD, trying to better understand what's really driving that underlying change?

Hey, C. J, thanks for the question. I'm going to let Irving take that one.

Thanks, David. Hi, C. J. Look, I think we've seen over 5 quarters a very strong positive growth in revenue and the outlook for the business remains healthy. There will be quarter on quarter variations as we support customers with the timing of their deployments and also balancing the supply demand tightness that we have.

So that's really what's driving the slight decline in Q3.

Great. Very helpful. And I guess, Dave, a question for you. Two part. First, what gives you the confidence that this is just a mid cycle pause?

And then within the spin of the NAND asset, are there any other sort of technical regulatory things that we should be thinking about that are necessary to get that done in the next 4 weeks? Thank you very much.

On the spin, you'll see more about that literally in the next couple of days. We feel really good about that being on track. Wissam can go through some of the dates here in a minute. Look, on NAND, we're still seeing bits were up 9% this quarter. They're going to be down just mid single digits next quarter.

We're still seeing good volume. We think some of the demand that we expected to materialize in PC and smartphone has moved to the right a couple of quarters. I don't think that's any secret. The industry probably overproduced a little bit too much. We don't see a big drop in the volume.

We see still good discussions with our customers. It's just the markets oversupplied right now. So we saw some pricing headwinds, especially as we move through the quarter, which we talked about. Going forward, we expect pricing headwinds next quarter, but we expect them to be lower than we saw this quarter. So we feel like this is a pause, but we're also going to take action as we talked in the past.

This new era of NAND, we're going to be much more responsive to the demand signals we see in the market and adjust our production. So we're going to go ahead and do that and take a little bit of supply out of the market as we move through 2025 and we think that will support pricing stabilization coming back faster. So feel good about where the overall business is. We've had a number of quarters of an upcycle now, really quite unusual when you look going back. We have a chart here that goes all the way back to 2,007 and the sequential price changes in the market.

And it's very, very unusual, if not unprecedented to see this many quarters of up in a row without some down. So the thing here now is just to stabilize the market and we'll do that through the supply side and then we'll get back to what we think is a strong market as we move through 2025 and into 2026.

on David's comments around the spin and the timing, the record date for the distribution will be February 12 and the date of the distribution will be on or about February 21. And so and then the shares of Sandisk could be trading in the active markets shortly after.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Aaron Rakers at Wells Fargo. Please go ahead.

Yes. Thanks for taking the question. Good afternoon as well. I guess, thinking about the demand gross margins, I'm wondering if you can unpack, if I think about the $20,000,000 to $30,000,000 that you talked about as being underutilization charges in the current quarter. If I look back the last time that you took capacity out, that looks like that's around 10% or 15% of the underutilization charges you took a year or so ago.

how much capacity out you're taking? I think the other way of asking it is, I look at some of your competitors and the news is that they're taking 10% or so of their bid supply out. Is that a fair assessment of what you guys are doing?

Yes. We're not going to go into exactly how much we're taking out. That's a dynamic decision we make week over week, month after month as we look at the business. I think unpacking the gross margin is an important discussion as we go into next quarter. I think one thing for all of you guys to recognize, we're going to see a quarter of cost increases.

We managed to that 15% cost decline. We talked about in the new era of NAND that maybe be more about 12% as we go forward over the next several years. But we had a very good start to the year in cost downs and now we're going to see Q3 we're actually up low single digits. So that's a big impact on gross margin. You add underutilization charges on that and then some ASP headwinds as well.

Like I said, as we sit here today, we see the ASP headwinds to be moderating versus what we saw this quarter and then bits down mid single digits. So that kind of gives you unpacking a little bit the gross margin number going forward.

Yes, that's very helpful. And just to kind of build on that, is there any way to frame how we should think about the underutilization impact into the fiscal Q4? And just to be clear, is there any risk of inventory charges taken based on the current market dynamics? Thank you.

I think you can probably think about Q4, they'll come up just they'll come up a little bit from where we were in what we expect in Q3, maybe think about it maybe a sixty-forty kind of split or forty-sixty kind of split.

Yes. And on the inventory, Aaron, look, it all depends on what pricing does. And so but as of the end of Q2, our inventory is appropriately stated.

Thank you. And our next question today comes from Wamsi Mohan with Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Yes. Thank you so much. Dave or Irving, can you talk about just at a high level where we are in the HDD cycle overall? I think Dave, you said in your prepared remarks a few times that demand is exceeding supply yet like the calendar Q1 guide is to be down sequentially slightly. So can you help us unpack if that is just seasonality?

Is there something beyond that? And how should we think about pricing as we think about 2025 and maybe the maximum amount of exabytes that you can ship given that supply is so tight at the current time? And I have a quick follow-up.

I'm going to let Irving talk about 25. I have enormous confidence in this business and enormous confidence in Irving driving it forward and the entire team. Yes, going into the next quarter, we're going to see some revenue down a little bit on volume. Look, it's been quite a run. I mean, it's we got to manage the supply chain, all the components.

We do have much more visibility to where our customers are going. It's just order flow. We continue to we're going to continue to see margin improving going into next quarter. So structurally, I think the business is just in a fantastic place. We're getting more visibility.

We have increasing profitability. And we've got a lot of tailwinds from AI, more demand than supply. But let me let Irving talk about how he sees 2025 playing out.

Yes. Thanks, David. As I mentioned briefly, we see the outlook for 2025 still being relatively robust going forward. And as David mentioned, there will be some slight variations quarter on quarter, but the outlook for the rest of the year is relatively robust. In terms of pricing, as Wissam alluded to as well, we're looking at pricing to remain stable to slightly up for Q3.

And in terms of exabytes, it's really a function of mix. And as we look forward to qualifying our new 32 terabyte drives, that gives us more capacity to provide into the market from an exabyte perspective as well.

As a follow-up, can I just ask quickly on the NAND side? I think you used the word temporary weakness.

And I'm just wondering, as you think about some of the actions that you're taking from a supply standpoint, what kind of assumptions are you making around demand recovery, whether it be on PC side or smartphone side into the into maybe the second half of the year? And that is not the timeframe when you're thinking that the market gets tight again? Thank you.

Yes. I mean, we think as we move through 2025, we're going to see by the time we get done with 2025, we'll see PCs units up, we'll see smartphone units up. Data center continues to remain strong. So we on the demand side, we see that mid teens demand for the calendar year. We see the market slightly undersupplied to that.

Quite frankly, you didn't ask the question, but we see a bigger step up in demand in 2026, but let's stay with 25 for now. So, as I said earlier, we still see good volume in the business, discussions with customers are very good. We're just in a spot right now where some of that demand we thought was going to come in the PC and smartphone market around this time has been pushed out a little bit. And so we're going to make some adjustments in our supply to support pricing. And we think we'll be good as we move throughout 2025.

We're very, very optimistic on where we're at from when we again, we go back and we look at overall wafer spending in this market. We think that the market is set up in a very strong position. As I said earlier, we've had a very good run of price increases, almost unprecedented when you go back over the last decade, it's not surprising we'd see some kind of pause like this. And I think what's different this time is we're going to adjust supply much more quickly than we have in the past to respond to this and accelerate bringing the market back to a more of an equilibrium to undersupplied position.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Tim Archiri with UBS. Please go ahead.

Hey, guys. This is Arun on for Tim. Thanks for taking my question. It is one thing when you and Seagate had excess capacity, it seems like you really can't ship much if any more than the 13,500,000 drives you're shipping and now passing above this 10 year trend line. I would think that maybe there's more urgency from the customers on getting in orders for BTO.

So any change in behavior? And then I have a follow-up after.

We haven't seen any change. So thanks for the question. We haven't seen any change in behavior. As you're aware, one of the things we pivot to is really moving to BTO that's giving us a lot more visibility on a 52 week time horizon, so that we can better plan with our customers and ensure we have the right supply demand balance and that's really ensuring that there's not in buildup of inventory within our customer environments.

Thanks. And then on the my follow-up on the NAND side, the NAND cycle just got started and we turned capacity back on. Now we're going through another correction on the consumer side. And so what would you do once this is a standalone business? Are you still going to care at all about market share?

Or will you do more like what you do on the HDD and manage to driving margins higher with less regard to share? Thank you.

Yes, that's a question for our Investor Day on 11th and we're going to talk about that in quite a bit of detail. So we'll have a lot to say about that here in another week and a half. But I think the way we're managing the business now is what you're going to see more of going forward. We were very clear, we put out a pretty big webcast on the new era of NAND about how we thought about this business, how it's changed in 3 d era, how we our belief and how it needs to be managed. And I think you're seeing that play out in real time here this quarter.

And we'll talk about that in more detail here in a couple of weeks and we'll hope to see you in New York.

Today's next question comes from Joe Moore at Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.

Great. Thank you. I wonder if you could give us an update on enterprise solid state drives. I know there's been some choppiness in that segment. Are you still tracking your targets and just how are you doing there?

Hey, Joe. Yes, we're doing fine there. We're still tracking the targets. There is some I think I said during the quarter, we're in for a couple of choppy quarters and I think that's what we're seeing. That was a highlight last quarter, certainly from supporting pricing.

We still feel good about our 15% plus, 15% to 20% of mix as we're sitting here at the halfway point through the year. This is another thing we're going to have a lot to talk about at our Investor Day about kind of what our roadmap looks like in enterprise SSD, but we're still seeing strong demand there, Joe.

Great. That's helpful. Thank you. And then just more of a procedural question, but is there a time where you'll give guidance for the 2 businesses separately? Does that happen at the Analyst Day, at the spin and Form 10?

Just when should or just how should I think about that?

Yes. We'll talk more about that at the Investor Days. We try I think with Saum's prepared remarks, he gave you enough guidance there that you can kind of get a very good idea of what the numbers are going to be. But we'll reinforce that here in another 10 days.

And our next question today comes from Thomas O'Malley of Barclays. Please go ahead.

Hey, thanks for taking my question. I just wanted to ask about CapEx. You're starting a new calendar year here and I'm sure you'll give us a broader update at the Analyst Day. But given the reduction in utilization and just a broader pause, you're saying kind of a mid cycle pause in the business, any update on how you're thinking about spend on the flat side? You've talked about technology transitions.

Western Digital (WDC) Q2 2025 Earnings Call Transcript

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